St Vincents Private Hospitals

Pericardiocentesis, also known as pericardial drainage, is a medical procedure to drain a build-up of fluid that has collected around your heart (pericardial effusion). This is a potentially life-threatening condition that prevents the heart from functioning normally. During pericardiocentesis, a needle is inserted into the pouch that surrounds the heart (pericardium) and the excess fluid is drained away. This treatment is less invasive than open surgery, and is generally recommended when the heart can no longer function effectively. Fluid build-up around the heart can either happen suddenly, or gradually over time. Pericardiocentesis is often used as an emergency procedure to relieve pressure on the heart caused by a sudden build-up of fluid. This condition is known as cardiac tamponade, and it requires immediate medical attention. 

What does it do?

Pericardiocentesis is a medical treatment that reduces pressure by removing the excess fluid that has collected around the heart. It is often used as a life-saving emergency procedure for cardiac tamponade, a dangerous condition that can potentially stop your heart. A needle is inserted into the heart sac (pericardium) and a catheter is used to drain away the fluid.

How does it work?

A healthy heart sits in a pouch made of two thin layers (pericardium). There is a small amount of fluid in between the layers that allows the heart to move around without friction. If too much fluid builds up in the pouch, this can restrict how the heart functions as it no longer has enough room to expand and fill up with blood. Pericardiocentesis uses a small needle and catheter to directly drain away the excess fluid, or a special device that drains slowly over time to prevent any more fluid building back up.